Avian mortality along power lines in Pokhara valley, Nepal.
Objective: The primary objective of this research was to quantify bird mortality associated with power line infrastructure in the Pokhara Valley, Nepal, where such impacts have been poorly documented. The study aimed to identify species most affected by electrocution and collision, assess how mortality varies with environmental and infrastructural factors, and provide evidence‑based recommendations for mitigating avian fatalities to support conservation planning
Methodology: To achieve these objectives, an 11 kV power distribution line spanning the Pokhara Valley was divided into 1.5 km segments, and 22 segments were randomly selected for detailed field sampling. Within a 12‑meter buffer zone along the conductor line, systematic surveys were conducted to locate and record bird carcasses. For each mortality event, species identity and probable cause (electrocution or collision) were documented. The study also evaluated environmental features such as proximity to vegetation and water sources and the presence or absence of insulation on power infrastructure to understand factors influencing mortality
Findings: The survey recorded 61 bird fatalities from 15 species, with electrocution responsible for most deaths and collisions contributing to a smaller proportion of mortality. Raptors accounted for 25 % of total fatalities, while species of conservation concern were also significantly affected, with 7 % classified as critically endangered, 10 % endangered, and 8 % near‑threatened according to global conservation status. Common species such as Black Kites (Milvus migrans) and House Crows (Corvus splendens) were the most frequently electrocuted, whereas House Swifts (Apus nipalensis) and Common Mynas (Acridotheres tristis) showed higher collision rates. Bird abundance, habitat features, and inadequate insulation were significant drivers of mortality patterns.
Learnings: This project strengthened my ability to conduct field‑based ecological research and systematic wildlife monitoring, and deepened my understanding of how human‑built infrastructure impacts wildlife populations. I gained experience in data collection, species identification, and analytical interpretation, as well as scientific writing and peer‑reviewed publication. The study also enhanced my awareness of the importance of integrating scientific evidence into conservation planning and mitigation strategies, especially for vulnerable and threatened species.
